Me za a yi idan COD ya yi yawa a cikin ruwan sharar gida?

Bukatar iskar oxygen, wanda kuma aka sani da amfani da iskar oxygen sinadarai, ko COD a takaice, yana amfani da oxidants na sinadarai (kamar potassium dichromate) don oxidize da bazuwar abubuwa masu oxidizable (kamar kwayoyin halitta, nitrite, salts ferrous, sulfides, da sauransu) a cikin ruwa, sannan kuma ana lissafin yawan iskar Oxygen bisa yawan ragowar oxidant.Kamar buƙatun oxygen na biochemical (BOD), alama ce mai mahimmanci na matakin gurɓataccen ruwa.Naúrar COD shine ppm ko mg/L.Ƙananan ƙimar, ƙananan ƙimar gurɓataccen ruwa.A cikin nazarin gurɓataccen kogi da kaddarorin ruwan sha na masana'antu, da kuma a cikin aiki da sarrafa masana'antun sarrafa ruwan sha, yana da mahimmanci da sauri a auna ma'aunin gurɓataccen COD.
Ana amfani da buƙatar iskar oxygen (COD) sau da yawa azaman mahimmin alama don auna abun ciki na kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwa.Mafi girman buƙatar iskar oxygen ɗin sinadarai, mafi tsanani ga jikin ruwa yana gurɓatar da kwayoyin halitta.Don auna buƙatun iskar oxygen (COD), ƙimar da aka auna sun bambanta dangane da rage abubuwan da ke cikin samfurin ruwa da hanyoyin aunawa.Hanyoyin ƙayyade da aka fi amfani dasu a halin yanzu sune hanyar acidic potassium permanganate oxidation hanyar da kuma hanyar potassium dichromate oxidation.
Kwayoyin halitta suna da matukar illa ga tsarin ruwa na masana'antu.A taƙaice, buƙatar iskar oxygen ɗin sinadari kuma ya haɗa da abubuwan rage inorganic da ke cikin ruwa.A al'ada, tun da adadin kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwa mai datti ya fi yawan adadin kwayoyin halitta, ana amfani da buƙatar iskar oxygen gaba ɗaya don wakiltar adadin kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwa mai tsabta.A karkashin yanayin ma'auni, kwayoyin halitta wanda ba ya ƙunshi nitrogen a cikin ruwa yana samun sauƙi ta hanyar potassium permanganate, yayin da kwayoyin halitta da ke dauke da nitrogen ya fi wuya a rubewa.Sabili da haka, amfani da iskar oxygen ya dace don auna ruwa na halitta ko ruwan sha na gabaɗaya wanda ke ɗauke da kwayoyin halitta cikin sauƙi, yayin da ruwan sharar masana'antu tare da ƙarin hadaddun abubuwan da ake amfani da su akai-akai don auna buƙatar iskar oxygen.
Tasirin COD akan tsarin kula da ruwa
Lokacin da ruwa mai ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na kwayoyin halitta ya ratsa ta cikin tsarin lalata, zai gurɓata resin musayar ion.Daga cikin su, yana da sauƙi musamman don gurɓata resin musanya na anion, don haka rage ƙarfin musayar guduro.Za a iya rage kwayoyin halitta da kusan kashi 50% yayin da ake yin maganin rigakafi (coagulation, bayani da tacewa), amma ba za a iya cire kwayoyin halitta yadda ya kamata ba a cikin tsarin tsaftacewa.Don haka, ana yawan shigar da ruwan kayan shafa a cikin tukunyar jirgi don rage ƙimar pH na ruwan tukunyar jirgi., haifar da lalata tsarin;wani lokaci ana iya kawo kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsarin tururi da ruwa mai narkewa, rage ƙimar pH, wanda kuma zai iya haifar da lalata tsarin.
Bugu da ƙari, wuce kima abun ciki na kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsarin ruwa mai yawo zai inganta haifuwar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.Sabili da haka, ba tare da la'akari da ɓata lokaci ba, ruwan tukunyar jirgi ko tsarin ruwa mai yawo, ƙananan COD, mafi kyau, amma a halin yanzu babu ma'aunin ƙididdiga ɗaya.
Lura: A cikin tsarin ruwa mai sanyaya, lokacin da COD (hanyar KMnO4) ta kasance> 5mg/L, ingancin ruwa ya fara lalacewa.
Tasirin COD akan ilimin halittu
Babban abun ciki na COD yana nufin cewa ruwa yana ƙunshe da adadi mai yawa na rage abubuwa, galibi gurɓataccen yanayi.Mafi girman COD, mafi munin gurbatar yanayi a cikin ruwan kogin.Abubuwan da ke haifar da gurɓataccen yanayi shine gabaɗaya magungunan kashe qwari, tsire-tsire masu sinadarai, takin gargajiya, da dai sauransu. Idan ba a magance su cikin lokaci ba, za a iya ƙara gurɓataccen gurɓataccen iska da yawa ta hanyar laka a ƙarƙashin kogin kuma a ajiye shi, yana haifar da guba mai ɗorewa ga rayuwar ruwa a nan gaba kaɗan. shekaru.
Bayan da adadin yawan rayuwar ruwa ya mutu, za a lalata yanayin da ke cikin kogin a hankali.Idan mutane suna cin irin wadannan kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwa, za su sha da yawa guba daga wadannan kwayoyin kuma su tara su a cikin jiki.Wadannan gubobi sau da yawa suna haifar da carcinogenic, lalacewa, da mutagenic, kuma suna da matukar illa ga lafiyar ɗan adam.Bugu da kari, idan aka yi amfani da gurbatacciyar ruwan kogi wajen ban ruwa, shuka da amfanin gona ma za su yi tasiri kuma su yi rashin kyau.Wadannan gurbatattun albarkatun gona ba za su iya cin mutane ba.
Koyaya, yawan buƙatar iskar oxygen na sinadarai ba lallai ba ne yana nufin cewa za a sami haɗarin da aka ambata a sama, kuma za a iya cimma ƙarshen ƙarshe ta hanyar cikakken bincike.Misali, bincika nau'ikan nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta, menene tasirin waɗannan kwayoyin halitta suke da ingancin ruwa da muhalli, da kuma ko suna da illa ga jikin ɗan adam.Idan cikakken bincike ba zai yiwu ba, zaku iya sake auna buƙatun iskar oxygen na samfurin ruwa bayan ƴan kwanaki.Idan darajar ta ragu da yawa idan aka kwatanta da ƙimar da ta gabata, yana nufin cewa rage abubuwan da ke ƙunshe a cikin ruwa galibi kwayoyin halitta ne masu saurin lalacewa.Irin wannan kwayoyin halitta yana da illa ga jikin mutum kuma hatsarori na Halittu ba su da yawa.
Hanyoyi gama gari don lalata ruwan sharar COD
A halin yanzu, hanyar adsorption, hanyar coagulation na sinadarai, hanyar electrochemical, hanyar iskar oxygen ta ozone, hanyar nazarin halittu, micro-electrolysis, da dai sauransu sune hanyoyin gama gari don lalata ruwa na COD.
Hanyar gano COD
Saurin narkewa spectrophotometry, hanyar gano COD na Kamfanin Lianhua, na iya samun ingantaccen sakamako na COD bayan ƙara reagents da narkar da samfurin a digiri 165 na mintuna 10.Yana da sauƙi don aiki, yana da ƙarancin reagent sashi, ƙarancin ƙazanta, da ƙarancin kuzari.