Ma'anar ragowar chlorine
Ragowar chlorine shine adadin sinadarin chlorine da ya rage a cikin ruwa bayan an shafe ruwan kuma an shafe shi.
Ana kara wannan bangare na sinadarin chlorine a lokacin aikin gyaran ruwa don kashe kwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin halitta, kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwa. Ragowar chlorine shine muhimmiyar alama ta tasirin lalatawar jikunan ruwa. Za a iya raba ragowar chlorine zuwa kashi biyu, wato ragowar chlorine na kyauta da kuma hadadden chlorine. Ragowar chlorine na kyauta ya ƙunshi chlorine kyauta a cikin nau'in Cl2, HOCl, OCl-, da sauransu; hadedde ragowar chlorine abu ne na chloramine da aka samar bayan amsawar chlorine da abubuwan ammonium kyauta, irin su NH2Cl, NHCl2, NCl3, da sauransu. Gabaɗaya magana, ragowar chlorine yana nufin ragowar chlorine kyauta, yayin da jimlar ragowar chlorine shine jimlar ragowar chlorine kyauta kuma hadedde ragowar chlorine.
Yawan ragowar chlorine yawanci ana auna shi a milligrams kowace lita. Adadin ragowar chlorine yana buƙatar zama mai dacewa, ba mai girma ko ƙasa ba. Yawan sinadarin chlorine mai yawa zai sa ruwa ya yi wari, yayin da ƙarancin chlorine zai iya sa ruwan ya rasa ikonsa na kula da haifuwa da kuma rage tsaftar ruwa. Sabili da haka, a cikin maganin ruwan famfo, yawanci ana lura da matakin ragowar chlorine da daidaitawa don tabbatar da aminci da dacewa da ingancin ruwa.
Matsayin chlorine a cikin maganin najasa na birni
1. Matsayin chlorine disinfection
Chlorination hanya ce ta kawar da cututtukan da aka saba amfani da ita don maganin najasa na birni. Babban ayyukansa sune kamar haka:
1. Kyakkyawan sakamako na disinfection
A cikin maganin najasa, chlorine na iya kashe yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Chlorine yana hana ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar oxidizing sunadaran su da acid nucleic. Bugu da ƙari, chlorine na iya kashe ƙwai da cysts na wasu parasites.
2. Oxidizing sakamako akan ingancin ruwa
Ƙara chlorine kuma yana iya yin oxidize kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwa, yana haifar da kwayoyin halitta zuwa cikin kwayoyin halitta zuwa inorganic acid, carbon dioxide da sauran abubuwa. Chlorine yana amsawa da kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwa don samar da oxidants irin su hypochlorous acid da chlorine monoxide, wanda hakan ke lalata kwayoyin halitta.
3. Hana ci gaban kwayoyin cuta
Ƙara adadin chlorine mai dacewa zai iya hana ci gaban wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, rage yawan sludge a cikin tanki mai amsawa, da rage wahala da farashin magani na gaba.
2. Fa'idodi da rashin Amfanin Cutar Kwayar chlorine
1. Fa'idodi
(1) Kyakkyawan sakamako na kashe kwayoyin cuta: Daidaitaccen sashi na chlorine na iya kashe yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta.
(2) Sauƙi mai sauƙi: Kayan aikin chlorine yana da tsari mai sauƙi kuma yana da sauƙin kiyayewa.
(3) Ƙananan farashi: Farashin kayan aikin isar da chlorine yana da ƙasa kuma yana da sauƙin siye.
2. Rashin amfani
(1) Chlorine yana haifar da abubuwa masu cutarwa irin su hypochloronitrile: Lokacin da chlorine ya amsa da kwayoyin halitta mai dauke da nitrogen, ana haifar da abubuwa masu cutarwa irin su hypochloronitrile, wanda zai haifar da gurbatar muhalli.
(2) Matsalar ragowar Chlorine: Wasu samfuran chlorine ba su da ƙarfi kuma za su kasance a cikin ruwa, suna shafar amfani da ruwa na gaba ko matsalolin muhalli.
3. Matsalolin da ya kamata a kula da su yayin ƙara chlorine
1. chlorine maida hankali
Idan ƙwayar chlorine ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, ba za a iya samun sakamako na lalata ba kuma ba za a iya lalata najasa ba yadda ya kamata; idan sinadarin chlorine ya yi yawa, ragowar chlorine a cikin ruwa zai yi yawa, yana haifar da lahani ga jikin ɗan adam.
2. Lokacin allurar Chlorine
Ya kamata a zaɓi lokacin allurar chlorine a ƙarshen tsari na tsarin kula da najasa don hana najasa daga asarar chlorine ko samar da wasu samfuran fermentation a cikin wasu hanyoyin, don haka yana shafar tasirin disinfection.
3. Zaɓin samfuran chlorine
Kayayyakin chlorine daban-daban suna da farashi daban-daban da wasan kwaikwayo a kasuwa, kuma zaɓin samfuran yakamata ya dogara da takamaiman yanayi.
A takaice, kara sinadarin chlorine yana daya daga cikin ingantattun hanyoyin magance najasa a cikin birni da kuma kawar da su. A cikin tsarin kula da najasa, yin amfani da hankali da allura na chlorine na iya tabbatar da amincin ingancin ruwa yadda ya kamata da inganta ingantaccen aikin najasa. Duk da haka, akwai kuma wasu cikakkun bayanai na fasaha da al'amurran kare muhalli waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa lokacin ƙara chlorine.
Me yasa ake ƙara chlorine a cikin maganin ruwa:
A cikin matakan zubar da ruwa na famfo da najasa, ana amfani da tsarin lalata chlorine don kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ruwa. A cikin maganin masana'antu da ke zagaya ruwa mai sanyaya, ana amfani da chlorine sterilization da tsarin kawar da algae, saboda a lokacin aikin sanyayawar ruwa, saboda fitar da wani sashi na ruwa, abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ruwa suna taruwa, ƙwayoyin cuta da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta. zai ninka cikin adadi mai yawa, kuma yana da sauƙi a samar da datti mai slime, wuce haddi da datti na iya haifar da toshewar bututu da lalata.
Idan ragowar sinadarin chlorine a cikin ruwan famfo ya yi yawa, manyan haɗari sune:
1. Yana da matukar tayar da hankali da cutarwa ga tsarin numfashi.
2. Yana saurin amsawa da kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwa don samar da carcinogens kamar chloroform da chloroform.
3. A matsayin samar da albarkatun kasa, yana iya samun sakamako mara kyau. Misali, lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi don samar da samfuran ruwan inabi na shinkafa, yana da tasirin ƙwayoyin cuta akan yisti a cikin tsarin fermentation kuma yana shafar ingancin ruwan inabi. Domin ana amfani da chlorine gabaɗaya don tsarkake ruwan famfo, kuma ragowar chlorine zai haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta kamar chloroform yayin aikin dumama. Shaye-shaye na dogon lokaci zai haifar da babbar illa ga jikin mutum. Musamman a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, gurɓataccen ruwa yana ƙara yin tsanani, wanda kai tsaye yana haifar da karuwa a cikin ragowar chlorine a cikin ruwan famfo.
Menene hanyoyin auna don ragowar chlorine?
1. DPD launi
;
Ƙa'ida: Ƙarƙashin yanayin pH 6.2 ~ 6.5, ClO2 ya fara amsawa tare da DPD a mataki na 1 don samar da fili mai ja, amma adadin ya bayyana ne kawai ya kai kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na jimlar chlorine da ke samuwa (daidai da rage ClO2 zuwa ions chlorite) daya. Idan samfurin ruwa ya kasance acidified a gaban iodide, chlorite da chlorate suma suna amsawa, kuma lokacin da aka lalata su ta hanyar ƙari na bicarbonate, sakamakon launi ya dace da jimlar chlorine na ClO2. Ana iya sarrafa tsangwama na chlorine kyauta ta ƙara glycine. Tushen shine glycine nan da nan na iya canza chlorine kyauta zuwa aminoacetic acid chlorinated, amma ba shi da tasiri akan ClO2.
2. Hanyar lantarki mai rufi
Ƙa'ida: Ana nutsar da wutar lantarki a cikin ɗakin lantarki, kuma ɗakin lantarki yana hulɗa da ruwa ta hanyar membrane hydrophilic. Hypochlorous acid yana bazuwa cikin rami na electrolyte ta cikin membrane na hydrophilic porous, yana samar da halin yanzu akan saman lantarki. Girman halin yanzu ya dogara da saurin da hypochlorous acid ke watsawa cikin kogon lantarki. Matsakaicin yaduwa ya yi daidai da tattara ragowar chlorine a cikin maganin. Auna girman halin yanzu. Za'a iya ƙayyade yawan ƙwayar chlorine a cikin maganin.
;
3. Hanyar wutar lantarki ta dindindin (hanyar lantarki mara amfani)
;
Ƙa'ida: Ana kiyaye yuwuwar tsayayye tsakanin ma'auni da na'urorin lantarki, kuma ma'aunin ma'auni daban-daban za su haifar da ƙarfin halin yanzu daban-daban a wannan yuwuwar. Ya ƙunshi na'urorin lantarki guda biyu na platinum da na'urar bincike don samar da tsarin auna microcurrent. A na'urar aunawa, ƙwayoyin chlorine ko hypochlorite suna cinyewa, kuma ƙarfin da ake samu a halin yanzu yana da alaƙa da haɗuwar ragowar chlorine a cikin ruwa.
LH-P3CLO na Lianhua šaukuwa na kayan auna chlorine yana amfani da hanyar gano DPD, wacce ke da sauƙin aiki kuma tana iya samar da sakamako cikin sauri. Kuna buƙatar ƙara reagents 2 kawai da samfurin da za a gwada, kuma kuna iya samun sakamakon kwatanta launi. Ma'aunin ma'auni yana da faɗi, buƙatun suna da sauƙi, kuma sakamakon daidai ne.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-30-2024
