Aikace-aikacen ORP a cikin maganin najasa

Menene ORP ke tsayawa a maganin najasa?
ORP yana nufin yuwuwar sake gyarawa a cikin maganin najasa. Ana amfani da ORP don nuna kaddarorin macro redox na duk abubuwan da ke cikin maganin ruwa. Mafi girman yuwuwar redox, haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar oxidizing, da ƙarancin ƙarfin redox, yana da ƙarfi rage kayan. Ga jikin ruwa, sau da yawa ana samun damar sake gyarawa da yawa, suna samar da tsarin tsarin redox mai rikitarwa. Kuma yuwuwar sa na redox shine cikakken sakamakon sakamakon redox tsakanin abubuwa da yawa da ke rage iskar oxygen da rage abubuwa.
Ko da yake ba za a iya amfani da ORP a matsayin mai nuni ga tattarawar wani abu mai oxidizing da rage abu ba, yana taimakawa wajen fahimtar halayen electrochemical na jikin ruwa da kuma nazarin abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa. Yana da cikakkiyar alama.
Aikace-aikacen ORP a cikin maganin najasa Akwai nau'ikan ions masu canzawa da narkar da iskar oxygen a cikin tsarin najasa, wato, yuwuwar redox da yawa. Ta hanyar na'urar ganowa ta ORP, za a iya gano yiwuwar redox a cikin najasa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda zai iya rage yawan aikin ganowa da lokaci da kuma inganta aikin aiki.
Ƙimar redox da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ke buƙata ya bambanta a kowane mataki na maganin najasa. Gabaɗaya, ƙwayoyin cuta na aerobic na iya girma sama da +100mV, kuma mafi girman shine +300～+400mV; ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta na anaerobic suna yin numfashi sama da +100mV da numfashin anaerobic ƙasa +100mV; kwayoyin anaerobic wajibi suna buƙatar -200 ～-250mV, daga cikinsu akwai wajibai anaerobic methanogens -300～-400mV, kuma mafi ganiya shi ne -330mV.
Yanayin redox na al'ada a cikin tsarin sludge mai kunnawa na aerobic yana tsakanin +200～+600mV.
A matsayin dabarun sarrafawa a cikin jiyya na ilimin halitta, maganin ilimin halittu na anoxic da jiyya na anaerobic, ta hanyar sa ido da sarrafa ORP na najasa, ma'aikatan na iya sarrafa abin da ya faru na halayen halitta ta hanyar wucin gadi. Ta hanyar canza yanayin muhalli na aikin tsari, kamar:
●Ƙara ƙarar iska don ƙara yawan narkar da iskar oxygen
●Ƙara abubuwan da ke haifar da iskar oxygen da sauran matakan don ƙara ƙarfin sakewa
●Rage ƙarar iska don rage narkar da iskar oxygen
●Ƙara tushen carbon da rage abubuwa don rage yiwuwar redox, ta haka inganta ko hana halayen.
Sabili da haka, manajoji suna amfani da ORP azaman ma'aunin sarrafawa a cikin jiyya na nazarin halittu na motsa jiki, jiyya na ilimin halitta da kuma jiyya na anaerobic don cimma ingantaccen sakamako na jiyya.
Jiyya na nazarin halittu na Aerobic:
ORP yana da kyakkyawar alaƙa tare da cirewar COD da nitrification. Ta hanyar sarrafa ƙarar iskar aerobic ta hanyar ORP, rashin isasshen lokacin iska ko wuce gona da iri za'a iya kaucewa don tabbatar da ingancin ruwan da aka kula da shi.
Maganin nazarin halittu na anoxic: ORP da ƙwayar nitrogen a cikin jihar denitrification suna da ƙayyadaddun dangantaka a cikin tsarin maganin kwayoyin halitta, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman ma'auni don yin hukunci ko tsarin denitrification ya ƙare. Ayyukan da suka dace suna nuna cewa a cikin tsarin denitrification, lokacin da abin da aka samo daga ORP zuwa lokaci ya kasa -5, amsawar ta fi dacewa. Tushen ya ƙunshi nitrate nitrogen, wanda zai iya hana samar da wasu abubuwa masu guba da cutarwa, kamar hydrogen sulfide.
Jiyya na nazarin halittu na anaerobic: A lokacin halayen anaerobic, lokacin da aka samar da rage abubuwa, ƙimar ORP za ta ragu; Sabanin haka, lokacin da rage abubuwa ya ragu, ƙimar ORP za ta ƙaru kuma ta kasance mai ƙarfi a cikin wani ɗan lokaci.
A takaice dai, don maganin ilimin halittu na aerobic a cikin tsire-tsire masu kula da najasa, ORP yana da kyakkyawar alaƙa tare da biodegradation na COD da BOD, kuma ORP yana da kyakkyawar alaƙa tare da amsawar nitrification.
Don maganin ilimin halitta, akwai ƙayyadaddun alaƙa tsakanin ORP da nitrate nitrogen maida hankali a cikin jihar denitrification a lokacin maganin kwayoyin halitta, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman ma'auni don yin hukunci ko tsarin denitrification ya ƙare. Sarrafa tasirin magani na sashin aiwatar da cirewar phosphorus kuma inganta tasirin cirewar phosphorus. Cire phosphorus na halitta da cire phosphorus sun haɗa da matakai biyu:
Na farko, a cikin matakin sakin phosphorus a ƙarƙashin yanayin anaerobic, ƙwayoyin fermentation suna samar da fatty acid a ƙarƙashin yanayin ORP a -100 zuwa -225mV. Fatty acids suna shanyewa da kwayoyin polyphosphate kuma ana fitar da phosphorus a cikin ruwa lokaci guda.
Na biyu, a cikin tafkin aerobic, kwayoyin polyphosphate sun fara rage yawan fatty acid da aka sha a mataki na baya kuma su canza ATP zuwa ADP don samun makamashi. Ajiye wannan makamashi yana buƙatar adsorption na wuce haddi na phosphorus daga ruwa. Halin phosphorus adsorbing yana buƙatar ORP a cikin tafkin aerobic ya kasance tsakanin +25 da +250mV don kawar da phosphorus na halitta ya faru.
Sabili da haka, ma'aikatan za su iya sarrafa tasirin jiyya na sashin tsarin cire phosphorus ta hanyar ORP don inganta tasirin cirewar phosphorus.
Lokacin da ma'aikatan ba sa son denitrification ko tarin nitrite su faru a cikin tsarin nitrification, dole ne a kiyaye darajar ORP sama da +50mV. Hakazalika, manajoji sun hana samar da wari (H2S) a cikin tsarin magudanar ruwa. Dole ne masu gudanarwa su kula da darajar ORP fiye da -50mV a cikin bututun don hana samuwar sulfides da kuma amsawa.
Daidaita lokacin iska da ƙarfin iska na tsari don adana makamashi da rage amfani. Bugu da ƙari, ma'aikata kuma za su iya amfani da mahimmancin alaƙa tsakanin ORP da narkar da iskar oxygen a cikin ruwa don daidaita lokacin aeration da ƙarfin iska na tsari ta hanyar ORP, don cimma nasarar ceton makamashi da rage yawan amfani yayin saduwa da yanayin halayen halitta.
Ta hanyar na'urar ganowa ta ORP, ma'aikata za su iya hanzarta fahimtar tsarin aikin tsaftace ruwan najasa da kuma bayanin matsayin gurɓataccen ruwa dangane da bayanan da aka bayar na ainihin lokacin, ta haka ne za su gane ingantaccen sarrafa hanyoyin haɗin ruwan najasa da ingantaccen sarrafa ingancin muhallin ruwa.
A cikin jiyya na ruwan sha, yawancin halayen redox suna faruwa, kuma abubuwan da suka shafi ORP a cikin kowane reactor suma sun bambanta. Sabili da haka, a cikin kula da najasa, ma'aikata kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin nazarin alaƙar da ke tsakanin narkar da oxygen, pH, zafin jiki, salinity da sauran abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa da ORP bisa ga ainihin halin da ake ciki na najasa, da kuma kafa ma'auni na kula da ORP wanda ya dace da nau'o'in ruwa daban-daban. .